Processador IBM Power 10

[Dark Kaeser]

Samsung 7EUV, PCI-e 5, DDR4/5

We get up to 120 threads per chip but that is only a small part of what is happening here. We also get new AI boots, new faster OMI instead of DDR signaling for future memory connectivity, faster PowerAXON for a flexible interconnect, and PCIe Gen5 for general-purpose connectivity. Overall, this is a lot new, so we wanted to unpack what this means at a core, then at a system level.

Something you may notice is that there are 16x SMT8 cores as well as 128MB of L3 cache yet IBM quotes a maximum of 15 core die with 120MB of L3 cache. For yield purposes, IBM is effectively expecting to use 15 of the 16 cores and 8MB L3 chunks.

The core advancements are cool, but where IBM POWER10 gets exciting is its external connectivity and scalability. Using its PowerAXON technology, systems can scale to 4x dual-chip module sockets or 16x single-chip sockets.

https://www.servethehome.com/ibm-power10-searching-for-the-holy-grail-of-compute/

A apresentação completa está na harwareluxx, mas como é uma publicação alemã

https://www.hardwareluxx.de/index.p...ssoren/ibm-power10-press-conference-deck.html

EDIT:
Hot Chips 2020 Live Blog: IBM's POWER10 Processor on Samsung 7nm (10:00am PT)

 

[r3dleh]

Isto promete...

 

[LSeven]

Xi não param, os ciclos sao cada vez menores. Sei de alguém que não vai ficar satisfeito, ainda tenho um projecto a decorrer de implementação de 2 E980 + FS9200 e ja temos POWER10 à vista.

Interessante a mudança da produção da GF (14nm) para a Samsung, esperava SMT16...

 

[Nemesis11]

O IBM Power 9 foi lançado em 2017 e pelo meio houve um "refresh", apesar de não ter chegado a perceber se o "refresh" chegou a ser lançado em algum produto da IBM.

É interessante que, no papel, a IBM não participa na corrida a quem tem mais cores, apesar de, se este Power 10 for como o 9, a definição do que é "1 core" é muito "alargada". Ele puder estar numa configuração com 30 cores SMT4 ou 15 SMT8, dá uma pista sobre isso.

Fora isso, é bom ver que continua a ser um monstro a nível de IO. Enormes cache, enorme bandwidth a nível de acesso a RAM, Memory Clustering com suporte até 2 PB de RAM, 64 lanes Pci-Ex Gen5, etc.

MCMs com 2 dies também é interessante. Com 600 mm2 cada die, deve ficar um package bem grande.

I like it.

 

[Dark Kaeser]

Estava a ver os resultados financeiros da IBM no Q2, aparentemente o lançamento deste na 2ª metade do ano ainda não afectou as vendas dos Power,

Systems (includes Systems Hardware and Operating Systems Software) — revenues of $1.7 billion, down 7.3 percent (down 10.2 percent adjusting for currency), driven by declines in IBM Z (down 11 percent; down 13 percent adjusting for currency) and Storage Systems (down 7 percent, down 10 percent adjusting for currency). Power systems declined 2 percent (down 5 percent adjusting for currency). Cloud revenue down 16 percent (down 19 percent adjusting for currency).

https://newsroom.ibm.com/2021-07-19-IBM-Reports-2021-Second-Quarter-Results

Não percebi é se nos resultados da Cloud & Data Platforms inclui sistemas completos (HW Power e Z15 + SW), ou se os resultados dos Power apenas estão contabilizados em Systems, pois a IBM tem sistemas cloud baseados em HW Intel e AMD.

As vendas dos IBM Z deram um tombo.

 

[Nemesis11]

Penso que o Revenue dos System z, System i e Power, está a cair desde há largos anos.
O paradigma já mudou há muito tempo. Grande parte das empresas e do software, prefere um modelo "scale out" que "scale up".

Aliás, a IBM vai ser dividida em 2 empresas. Se bem percebo, a "nova" IBM irá ficar com a parte de software e o spin off, será para ficar com a parte de IT, onde penso que se inclui a parte de hardware.
O nome dessa empresa será "Kyndryl".

 

[LSeven]

A IBM um dia destes é uma fábrica de ideias...

Venderam os servidores X, os PC's/Thinkpads, e agora o resto do hardware.

"Lenovo Leads Global PC Market in Q2 2021 With 23.9 Percent Market Share; HP, Dell, Apple Follow: IDC

Lenovo shipped the most laptops globally in the second quarter of this year according to the latest report by International Data Corporation (IDC). The Hong Kong-based tech giant shipped just over 20 million PC units which include desktops, notebooks, and workstations. HP was second in line followed by Dell, Apple, and Acer. The overall PC market grew by 13.2 compared to the second quarter of last year despite global component shortages. Smaller vendors have also helped drive the overall growth.

As per the latest data by IDC, the global PC market grew by 13.2 percent in the second quarter of this year, compared to the second quarter of 2020. In Q2 2021, 83.6 million units of desktops, notebooks, and workstations were shipped globally. Lenovo was on top of the ladder with over 20 million units shipped capturing 23.9 percent of the market share. In the same quarter of last year, HP was in the lead with its 18 million units and 24.5 percent market share."

Certamente que os thinkpads e primos migrados da IBM, ajudaram no sucesso . A IBM parece o nosso estado que só vende o que dá lucro (ou devia dar).

 

[Dark Kaeser]

Oficialmente lançados os Power 10

This Is What The Most Powerful Server In The World Looks Like​

So it is with a certain amount of enthusiasm that we have been anticipating the launch of IBM’s first server based on its “Cirrus” Power10 chip, the “Denali” Power E1080 system.

...the Power E1080 system has a four-socket server nodes as its basic building block.

The four processors in this base chassis are tightly coupled using on-chip NUMA circuits, and the Power10 chip also has additional NUMA circuits for linking up to four nodes together into a 16-socket machine.

Here is the schematic diagram for the four-socket base chassis of the Denali system:

And here is what the Denali node looks like when you take the cover off:

Moving from left to right in the picture above, that is I/O and system interconnect on the left, followed by a bank of four Power10 processors, followed by 64 DDR4 memory slots, followed by fans and flash drives on the far right.

As delivered in the Denali system, the Power10 chips come in three flavors: A 10-core version that has a base speed of 2.65 GHz and turbos up to 3.9 GHz; a 12-core version that has a base speed of 3.6 GHz and turbos up to 4.15 GHz; and a 15-core version that has a base speed of 3.55 GHz and turbos up to 4 GHz. These are the clock speed ranges that we have seen with the SMT8 versions of the Power8 and Power9 processors. That means a Power E1080 node can have 40, 48, or 60 cores and a fully fledged machine with four nodes can have 160, 192, or 240 cores.

The Power E1080 server is important for IBM, and its customers, because it is the first machine to implement the OpenCAPI Memory Interface, or OMI for short. With OMI, IBM is using the same 32 Gb/sec SerDes that it created to do I/O like NVLink, OpenCAPI, and NUMA interconnects to link the core out to the main memory. This interface is a little slower than a DDR4 memory controller, but it takes up a lot less area and burns less power, which has allowed IBM to crank up the memory controllers and the memory slots by a factor of two between the Power9 and Power10 machines. By doubling up the memory controllers and slots, IBM can double up the bandwidth per socket while at the same time use cheaper and skinnier memory cards to get a certain capacity.

Here is what that OMI memory card looks like:

IBM is taking orders for the Power E1080 systems now, and expects to ship one-node or two-node configurations starting on September 17. Only a maximum of 4 TB per node (meaning the skinnier OMI memory cards) will be supported in these early machines. IBM will have early access to the three-node and four-node configurations starting in October, and plans to have these fatter setups as well as fatter OMI memory available in December.

https://www.nextplatform.com/2021/0...most-powerful-server-in-the-world-looks-like/

IBM Power10 Coming To Market: E1080 for ‘Frictionless Hybrid Cloud Experiences’​

PowerAXON at the corners and OMI (OpenCAPI Memory Interface) sound like amazing flexible interfaces. Running at 1 TB/sec each, the PowerAXON can be used for chip-to-chip communication, storage, regular DRAM, ASICs/FPGA connections, and clustered memory. The OMI can be used for storage also, or main DRAM, or for high-bandwidth GDDR/HBM. Together, these technologies allow for up to 8 TB per system, or 2048 TB of addressable memory across a networked cluster of systems. There’s also PCIe 5.0 x32 for add-in cards.

IBM Power10 E1080​

https://www.anandtech.com/show/1693...080-for-frictionless-hybrid-cloud-experiences

 

[Dark Kaeser]

Seja lá o que vier a seguir vai ser feito a 5nm na Samsung, num processo aparentemente próprio desenvolvido em conjunto

Saving space and energy: IBM and Samsung develop the VTFET​

At the International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), IBM and Samsung present a result of their joint research. This is a new form of transistors - no ATM transistors like those currently developed by almost every semiconductor manufacturer, including IBM and Samsung, but the classic FinFETs are arranged differently.

The Vertical Transport Field Effect Transistor (VTFET) is a component that is constructed perpendicular to the surface of the chip with a vertical, i.e. ascending and descending current flow.

The main aim of this is to make the VTFET process more space-saving. It also affects the contact points for the transistors, which allows a greater flow of current with less power consumption. IBM and Samsung see the potential of up to 85% lower power consumption of the VTFTEs - without, however, specifying the exact comparative value (production size) for the FinFET and the VTFET.

https://www-hardwareluxx-de.transla...sl=de&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=pt-PT&_x_tr_pto=sc

 

[Dark Kaeser]

IBM Announces Expansion of Power10 Server Family​

Highlights of the announcements include:

• New systems: The expanded IBM Power10 portfolio, built around the next-generation IBM Power10 processor with 2x more cores and more than 2x memory bandwidth than previous Power generations, now includes the Power10 Midrange E1050, delivering record-setting 4-socket compute, Java, and ERP performance capabilities. New scale-out servers include the entry-level Power S1014, as well as S1022, and S1024 options, bringing enterprise capabilities to SMBs and remote-office/branch office environments, such as Capacity Upgrade on Demand (CuOD).

https://www.hpcwire.com/off-the-wire/ibm-announces-expansion-of-power10-server-family/

Can IBM Get Back Into HPC With Power10?​

What IBM has done in the entry machines is put two Power10 chips inside of a single socket to increase the core count, but it is looking like the yields on the chips are not as high as IBM might have wanted. When IBM first started talking about the Power10 chip, it said it would have 15 or 30 cores, which was a strange number, and that is because it kept one SMT8 core or two SMT4 cores in reserve as a hedge against bad yields. In the products that IBM is rolling out today, mostly for its existing AIX Unix and IBM i (formerly OS/400) enterprise accounts, the core counts on the dies are much lower, with 4, 8, 10, or 12 of the 16 cores active. The Power10 cores have roughly 70 percent more performance than the Power9 cores in these entry machines, and that is a lot of performance for many enterprise customers – enough to get through a few years of growth on their workloads.

Pricing is not yet available on any of these entry Power10 machines, which ship on July 22. When we find out more, we will do more analysis of the price/performance.

There are six new entry Power10 machines, the feeds and speeds of which are shown below:

By the way, the only storage in these machines is NVM-Express flash drives. No disk, no plain vanilla flash SSDs. The machines also support a mix of PCI-Express 4.0 and PCI-Express 5.0 slots, and do not yet support the CXL protocol created by Intel and backed by IBM even though it loves its own Bluelink OpenCAPI interconnect for linking memory and accelerators to the Power compute engines.

Here are the different processor SKUs offered in the Power10 entry machines:

https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/07/12/can-ibm-get-back-into-hpc-with-power10/

 

[LSeven]

Onde trabalho estão uma série de propostas paradas aguardar que a IBM disponibilize estes servidores. O E1080 "enterprise" já está disponível faz algum tempo, recebi dois num cliente em Maio e já estão em produção, mas os "S's" nada.

Imagino que a falta de chips está afectar bastante a nova gama.

 

[Nemesis11]

O lifecycle destes processadores não é bem o mesmo dos x86, mas ao fim de 2 anos (onde anunciaram 15 Cores activos em 16), só ainda estarem disponíveis versões com o máximo de 12 Cores por die, é provável que o problema esteja nos yelds.
No fim, pode não ser grande problema para os clientes tradicionais, mas não é bom sinal. Aquele "salto" a que a IBM foi obrigado, de passar da GF para a Samsung, deve ter sido complicado. Também me parece prejudicial à tentativa de tornar POWER num ISA mais relevante, via OpenPOWER.

 

[Dark Kaeser]

IBM Power10 Shreds Ice Lake Xeons For Transaction Processing​

We have gotten our hands on IBM’s own competitive analysis for its entry and midrange machines using the “Cirrus” Power10 processor, and it is interesting to see how these rules of thumb have stood the test of time. We have performance metrics for the four-socket Power E1050 compared to current “Ice Lake” Xeon SP servers of the same performance band, and price and performance metrics for two-socket Power S1022 servers against their Xeon SP equivalents.

https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/0...ds-ice-lake-xeons-for-transaction-processing/

 

[Nemesis11]

IBM Power10 Shreds Ice Lake Xeons For Transaction Processing​

https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/0...ds-ice-lake-xeons-for-transaction-processing/

Artigo um bocado "estranho". Parte dos processadores não são Ice Lakes. O 8280 e o 8380H são pequenos updates do Skylake. Ok, o Ice Lake não suporta mais de 2 Sockets, mas a comparação não é só com Ice Lakes.
Também é bastante discutivel a escolha dos SKUs Intel. Tanto a Intel como a AMD costumam ter SKUs com menos cores e frequências altas, que têm como um dos alvos, esse mercado. Reparem que nos gráficos, só estão a usar 16 dos 32 Cores Power, que estão na máquina. A performance por core poderia continuar a ser vantajosa para os Power, mas a diferença não seria aquela. Os preços também seriam diferentes.
Por ultimo, além de compararem com os Intel, deviam comparar com os AMD, especialmente nesses SKUs com menos cores e mais frequência.

 

[Dark Kaeser]

A parte da comparação com os Epyc está nos "final thoughts".
O resto já apontaram nos comentários, o Ice Lake apenas tem 2S, o resto teria de ser Cascade Lake.

Mas dado que os números são da IBM estranho seria eles não pintarem um

 

[Dark Kaeser]

Aparentemente a IBM vai "lançar" os z16 numa versão rack

IBM Furthers Flexibility, Sustainability and Security within the Data Center with New IBM z16 and LinuxONE 4 Single Frame and Rack Mount Options​

IBM (NYSE: IBM) today unveiled new single frame and rack mount configurations of IBM z16 and IBM LinuxONE 4, expanding their capabilities to a broader range of data center environments. Based on IBM's Telum processor, the new options are designed with sustainability in mind for highly efficient data centers, helping clients adapt to a digitized economy and ongoing global uncertainty.

Designed and tested to the same internal qualifications as the IBM z16 high availability portfolio2, the new rack-optimized footprint is designed for use with client-owned, standard 19-inch racks and power distribution units. This new footprint opens opportunities to include systems in distributed environments with other servers, storage, SAN and switches in one rack, designed to optimize both co-location and latency for complex computing, such as training AI models.

https://newsroom.ibm.com/2023-04-04...inuxONE-4-Single-Frame-and-Rack-Mount-Options

 

[Nemesis11]

Um vídeo (sponsored) do Ian, que se foca mais no hardware e redundância da plataforma.

 

[Dark Kaeser]

Já está a ser adicionado o suporte aos, ainda não anunciados, Power11

Initial IBM Power11 Enablement Begins With Linux 6.9​

As noted a month ago that IBM was starting on Power11 CPU/platform enablement for the mainline Linux kernel, indeed the first batch of Power11 code has now been merged for the in-development Linux 6.9 kernel.

https://www.phoronix.com/news/IBM-Power11-Enablement-Linux-69